Building Competency in Diabetes Education THE ESSENTIALS

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY| 3-35

Prevalence The prevalence of diabetes (overall number of people with the disease) is also on the rise. According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the global prevalence of diabetes is estimated at 8.8% of adults 20-79 years (48). Worldwide, 424.9 million people age 20-79 years were living with diabetes in 2017, accounting for total health-care expenditures of USD 727 billion. A further 352.1 million people are affected by prediabetes and are at high risk of developing diabetes (48). • The top 10 countries for number of people with diabetes in 2017 were: China (114.4 million), India (72.9 million), USA (30.2 million), Brazil (12.5 million), Mexico (12.0 million), Indonesia (10.3 million), Russian Federation (8.5 million), Egypt (8.2 million), Germany (7.5 million) and Pakistan (7.5 million) (48). • Globally, 212.4 million people or 50% of all people age 20-79 years with diabetes are unaware of their condition. It was estimated, that in high income countries, 37.3% of people with diabetes have not been diagnosed (48). • Diabetes is highly prevalent in people older than 65 years. Globally, in 2017, the number of people age 65-99 years living with diabetes was 122.8 million. China, USA and India are the countries with the most people older than 65 years with diabetes (48). • Global prevalence for IGT ages 20-79 years was estimated at 7.3% in 2017 which associates with 352.1 million people with IGT (48). • In some countries, it is estimated that 87-91% of all people with diabetes have type 2 diabetes, 7-12% are estimated to have type 1 diabetes, and 1-3% have other types of diabetes (48). • The prevalence of diabetes for men 20-79 years is estimated to be 9.1%, which is higher than women at 8.4%. Thus, there are 17.1 million more men with diabetes (48). • In 2016, 3.5 million Canadians or 9.2% of the population had diagnosed diabetes, contributing a $3.4 billion cost to the health-care system. The estimated increase in diabetes prevalence from 2006 to 2016 is 72% (49). • 33% of Canadians with type 2 diabetes do not feel comfortable disclosing the fact that they have diabetes (49). • 25% of Canadians with diabetes report their treatment adherence was affected by cost (49). • Diabetes is more common among Canadian men (7.2%) than women (6.4%), but this varies by ethnicity (50).