Building Competency in Diabetes Education THE ESSENTIALS

6-2 I CHAPTER 6

TREATMENT MODALITIES: PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPIES | 6-3

OBJECTIVES

Completion of this chapter should enable the learner to do the following: 1. State the rationale and evidence for intensive management of blood glucose (BG) levels in people living with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. 2. Describe the antihyperglycemic treatment options available for the management of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. 3. Identify the different classes of antihyperglycemic agents; describe the mechanism of action, as well as important considerations for initiating each agent. 4. Discuss potential side effects associated with the use of oral and injectable antihyperglycemic agents. 5. Discuss the impact of other medications on glycemic control. 6. Be able to articulate the rationale for insulin therapy in the management of diabetes, as well as the barriers to and benefits of insulin therapy. 7. Discuss the benefits and limitations of the different insulin therapy regimens and the indications for each. 8. Describe insulin action profiles and administration guidelines. 9. Identify factors that can affect insulin absorption and insulin requirements. 10. Conduct a practical evaluation of therapy and discuss treatment strategies.

Note: This section will provide an overview of the treatment options for the management of BG levels in people living with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, including rationales for therapy. The primary focus will be on intensive pharmacotherapy in the management of type 2 diabetes. Further treatment options are discussed in Chapter 12: Basal-Bolus Insulin Therapy. Check the Diabetes Canada 2018 Clinical Practice Guidelines website (guidelines.diabetes.ca) for any interim updates.