Building Competency in Diabetes Education THE ESSENTIALS

2-98 | CHAPTER 2

Module 6. Knowledge of self-care related to prevention of hyperglycemia

Level

Knowledge

Level 1: Survival

a) Defines hyperglycemia. b) Describes at least two possible signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia. c) States that hyperglycemia may be life-threatening when left untreated. d) States need to continue medications during periods of illness. e) Identifies when to contact physician. f) Demonstrates ability to perform blood testing for ketones (type 1 diabetes). g) Identifies increased risk for chronic complications from persistent hyperglycemia. a) Identifies major causes of hyperglycemia. b) Identifies possible short-term consequences of hyperglycemia, DKA or HHS (i.e. severe dehydration). c) States general guidelines for sick-day management. d) Describes when to test for ketones and appropriate action to take if tests are positive. a) Describes signs and symptoms of DKA or HHS as a progression of hyperglycemia. b) Identifies possible causes of DKA and/or HHS and knows how to prevent their development. c) Describes rationale for checking ketones when BG is >16 mmol/L. d) Explains factors that may cause ketosis. a) Decides appropriate adjustments in diabetes regimen to correct hyperglycemia. b) Applies sick-day guidelines for insulin/medication dose adjustments.

Level 2: Basic

Level 3: Intermediate

Level 4: Advanced

BG = blood glucose; DKA = diabetic ketoacidosis; HHS = hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state